

The Global Fair & Festival 2009 Incheon was held in the Songdo District in August 2009.
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Incheon has also hosted a series of major international events. The USS Inchon was named after the tide-turning battle that ensued. The result was a decisive UN victory and it was recaptured on 19 September 1950. Incheon was the site of the Battle of Inchon, when United States troops landed to relieve pressure on the Pusan Perimeter and to launch a United Nations offensive northward. The city was the site of the Battle of Chemulpo Bay, where the first shots of the Russo-Japanese War were fired.ĭuring the Korean War, Incheon was occupied by North Korean troops on 4 July 1950. Incheon was known as Inchon prior to South Korea's adoption of a new Romanization system in 2000. In 1989, neighbouring islands and Gyeyang township of Gimpo County were ceded to Incheon and in 1995 Geomdan township of Gimpo Country and two counties of Ganghwa and Onjin were annexed to Incheon Metropolitan City. Incheon was originally part of Gyeonggi Province, but was granted Directly Governed (now Metropolitan) City status on Jthe city officially separated from the province. Through 19, some part of Bucheon County was recombined into Incheon City, by which some part of "old" Bupyeong was annexed into Incheon. In 1914, the Japanese colonial government merged outer parts of old Incheon (including the former centre of Gwangyo) with Bupyeong County, forming Bucheon County. It was renamed as Jinsen during Japanese rule in the Korean peninsula. Today, either Jemulpo or Gwangyo-dong is considered "Original Incheon" ( 원인천). After the opening of the Incheon port, the city centre moved from Gwangyo to Jemulpo. It was frequently used until the Japanese annexation. The "original" two remaining buildings of the Incheon prefecture office are located in Munhak Elementary School, while the newly built (in 2001) prefecture office buildings are right across from Munhak Baseball Stadium.Īnother historical name of the city, Jemulpo (alternatively Romanized as Chemulpo), was not widely used until the opening of the port in 1883. The city centre was Gwangyo-dong, where the prefecture office ( 도호부청사) and the local academy (hyanggyo, 향교) were located. Jung-gu, Dong-gu, Nam-gu, Yeonsu-gu, and Namdong-gu) and northern part of Siheung City. Old Incheon consisted of today's southern Incheon (i.e. Later, Incheon County became Incheon Metropolitan Prefecture (dohobu, 도호부).

The current name was turned to Incheon in 1413. In Goryeo era, Incheon was called Gyeongwon ( 경원) or Inju ( 인주). The area underwent several name changes with successive kingdoms and dynasties. The first historical record of the Incheon area dates back to 475 CE, during the reign of King Jangsu of Goguryeo, by the name of Michuhol, which is supposed to be located on today's Munhak Hill ( 문학산). The city is also home to the Green Climate Fund, an international organization addressing environmental issues. Incheon has established itself as a major transportation hub in northeast Asia with the Incheon International Airport and Incheon Port. The 17th Asian Games Incheon 2014 was also held in Incheon on 19 September 2014.
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Since then, large local companies and global enterprises have increasingly invested in the Incheon Free Economic Zone, including Samsung which chose Songdo International City as its new investment destination for its bio industry.Īs an international city, Incheon has held numerous large scale international conferences, such as the Incheon Global Fair & Festival in 2009. In 2003, the city was designated as South Korea's first free economic zone. Incheon has since led the economic development of South Korea by opening its port to the outside world, ushering in the modernization of South Korea as a center of industrialization. It is part of the Seoul Capital Area, along with Seoul itself and Gyeonggi Province, forming the world's fourth largest metropolitan area by population. The city's growth has been assured in modern times with the development of its port due to its natural advantages as a coastal city and its proximity to the South Korean capital. Today, about 3 million people live in the city, making it South Korea's third most-populous city after Seoul and Busan. Inhabited since the Neolithic, Incheon was home to just 4,700 people when it became an international port in 1883. Incheon ( Korean: 인천 Hanja: 仁川 Korean pronunciation: McCune-Reischauer romanization Inch'ŏn literally "kind river"), formerly Jemulpo (제물포 McCune-Reischauer: Chemulp'o) until the period after 1910, officially the Incheon Metropolitan City (인천광역시), is a city located in northwestern South Korea, bordering Seoul and Gyeonggi to the east.
